Storage-battery electrode and process of making it.



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To all whom it may concern:

Be it ltnownthot 1, Winners lllounisoii, a. citizen oi the United States, residing at Des Mcines ,,in the county of Poll; and State of Iowa, hove'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Storage-Buttery Electrodes and Processes of llltllilllg' 'llieu'i, of

whichthe following is a specification.

In accordance wits th :duce un=electrodc for storage or secondary batteries, in which the active material is impregnated with and. bonded by nitrocellulose, specifically celluloid, 'hercnt skeleton, sponge or film holding en-.

in the iorm'of e conieshed the particles of the ecti-vev ITQRlBPCil-l. The preferred process oi making a positive-pole lead per'oxid electrode is as follows: An antinioniul leadgrid or other suitable support and conductor is posted with a mixture of red-loud, lithurge, sulfuric acid and a small amount of in aqueous hydrogen pero'xid solution and. allowed to thoroughly dry. The surfaces of the active materiel are then scraped, us with u sl'iarp-edged tool, to reniorc or so or skin and open the sun ficiul pores. "he electrode is then dippedin an aqueous solution 'oifsuli ic acid con taining some l'iydrogcn peroxid, and is again allowed to dry, causing the to fully, swell and come in close contuct'with the ousted grid is initially formed by subjecting it to anodic oxidation in an sque ous sulfuric acid solution, is discharged, end is removed from the solution and. dried. This formation increases the conductivity of the purticlesot lead oxid and causes them to come into close electrical contact With each other and with the grid, giving the electrode the maximum conductivity prior to the introduction of the celluloid or other bond, which is u non-conductor. The active material is now impregnated with celluloid by subinerging the el in dilute solution of celluloid f acetone, tl'ie solution covering the electrode to a. considerable depth, to cause it to enter the pores of the active material It is allowed to reinuin the solution until all sir-bubbles cease to rise therefrom, that is until the pores have been filled with the solution. The vessel containing the solution is then quickly ei'nptied'and is refilled with pure acetone,

which is allowed to acton the electrode for a minute or two, to remove any excess of celluloid adhering to the external surfaces of the active material-end grid. The elec- Specification uf t tti-s Patent.

nve'ntion l pro.

WILLIAM MOREISOIT, 0T5 MOINES, IOW'A.

stresses-BATTERY ELECTRDDE sun vsuccess or MAKING IT.

trode'is then removed from the acetone, and dried. The electrode is finally subjected to prolonged formation untilthe lead sul-. fate in the paste is'entirely or substantially all converted into lead peroxid, no lead sul iate binder being requisite in'this electrode, as in the ordinary one! The pure acetone employed for Washing the electrode is subsequently employed for the preparation of tliecelluloid solution. I The initial formation of the electrode may PutentedNoVLMr, 19112; Application filed se te ber 2'9, 1811. Serial Ho. 651,961. j 1

be oinitted and the pasted grid,.with thesc- 'tive material swelled and scraped, may be directly put into a. weak celluloid solution.

But this modified procedure causes .-a c0n-,.v

siderable lossof. electric current in the subsequent -formation of the electrode.

Electrodes thus treated have a greatlyin creased durability and may. be charged-aha;

greatly increased rate. Their durability and charge-rate capacity may be still further in creased by repeating the treatment, that is by again submerging them in a celluloid so-- lotion and washing with acetone.- A 1 ectangular plate measuring six by eight inches which has been subjected to four treatments may be charged at o. ratetwo or three times of 2G unip'eres. The celluloid bond interpenetrotes the active material as an adsorbed skeleton, sponge. or film, enmeshing the discrete particles oi." the paste but leaving open pores between them for the battery electrolyte, as distinguished frome binder- Whichis mechanically mixed with the pastebefore it is. applied to the grid and practically fills the spaces between the particles of ective material. The thickness Sand strength of the adsorbed film of celluloid very directly as the with the celluloid. solution. I

4 the normal one, for example with a current number of treatments;

According to a modification, :3, solution of,

gun cotton inether, or one of rubber and sulfur in carbon disulfid, may be substituted -for the-celluloid solution. The rubber bond is cured or vulcanized, as by heating the electrode,

While the invention has been described in connection ltvith the production ofa asted electrode, it Will beunderstood that it 15 also applicable to electrodes of the Plant type,

in which the active material is electrolyti cally formed irointhe metal of the electrode The term desiccated so1ute'as. used in the claims'jmeans the solid evaporation-prodnot of; the solution o f a binder, that'lslther ice 9 eton, sponge 'or film'of a desiccated solute celluloid or rubber solute freed from the solvent. I I claim: T 1.v A storage battery electrode, comprising a body of formed active material interpenetrated with and bonded by an adsorbed skeleton, sponge or film of a desiccated solute.

2.' A storage battery electrode, comprising a body of formed active materialinterpenetrated with and bonded by an adsorbed skelof nitrocellulose.

3'. A storage-battery electrode, comp rising I abody of formed active material interpene-- trated with and bonded by an adsorbed'skleton, sponge or film of a desiccatedsoluteof celluloid.

4c. The'process of making-storage batter I electrodes, which consists in enmeshing the particles of the active'materialin an 'adsorbed skeleton, sponge or filinof" a desiccated solute.

5. Thexprocess of making storage battery electrodes, which consists in enmes'hingthe particles of the active material in an adsorbed skeletomsponge or film of a desic-.

cated solute of nitrocellulose.

' 6. The processof making storage battery electrodes, which consists i'n enmeshing the particles of the active material in an ad-.

sorbed skeleton, pated solute of celluloid.

sponge or film of a desic- 6. The process of .making lead peroxid electrodes, which consists in initially formmg the electrode, activematerial and eliminating the solvent.

, S. The process of making lead peroxid electrodes having a celluloid bond, which 40' consists in initially forming the electrode,

filling the pores of the active material with a solution containing dissolved celluloid, and eliminating the solvent.

The process of making lead peroxid electrodes having a nitrocellulose bond,

which consists in initially forming the elec-' trode, submerglng it in a solution contaln- 3 electrodes havin Which con'sists in initially forming the elecniateria'l, submerging the 'peroxid .filling tlIQ POfGS of the with a'solution of a binder,

- material; initially iiig dissolved nitrocellulose", and washing the electrode with a solvent of nitrocellulose.

10.- The process-Jot making lead perogid a nitrocellulose bond,

trode, submerging it in. a solution containmg dissolved nitrocellulose, washing .the

electrode witha solvent of nitrocellulose,

and again" forming the electrode, treating it witha solution of nitrocellulose and washt 1-1. The-process of making lead peroxid electrodes having a celluloid bond,which .cons ists in initially forming the electrode,

submerging it in a solution containing dissolved celluloid, and washing the-electrode with a solvent of celluloid.

1 2. The process of making lead peroxid electrodes having a celluloid bond, which consists'in initially forming the electrode,

submerging it in a solution containing dissolved celluloid, Washing the electrode with a solvent of celluloid, and again forming the electrode, treating it with a solution of celluloid and washing.

13. The process of making pasted leadperoxid electrodes having a celluloid bond,

which consists in expanding the active material, scraping the surfaces. of the.active electrode in a solution containing dissolved celluloid, and Washing it in a solvent of celluloid.

,14. The process of making pasted lead electrodes having a celluloid bond,

which consists in expanding the active material, scraping the surfaces of the active Y forming the electrode,

submerging it in a solution containing dis- .solved celluloid, and washing it in a solvent 

